Nanobubbles and the Hydrophobic Attraction

Phil Attard

School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia

Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 104, 75-91 (2003)

Abstract
The evidence for nanobubbles as the origin of the long-ranged attractions measured between hydrophobic surfaces immersed in water is reviewed by focussing upon several unique features of the force curves. Also covered is the morphology of nanobubbles as revealed by direct imaging with tapping mode atomic force microscopy. A discussion of the origin, thermodynamic stability, and practical implications of nanobubbles is given.

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